See surnoun in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "surnoun"
},
"expansion": "Old French surnoun",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "supernōmen, suprānōmen"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin supernōmen, suprānōmen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sur-",
"3": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sur- + noun",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French surnoun, from Late Latin supernōmen, suprānōmen; equivalent to sur- + noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sornoun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sournoun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sewrnown",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surnon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surnonn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surnome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surenome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sirnome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "surnoun",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 36 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 46 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Onomastics",
"orig": "enm:Onomastics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"epithet, nickname"
],
"id": "en-surnoun-enm-noun-sFfs9HRC",
"links": [
[
"epithet",
"epithet"
],
[
"nickname",
"nickname"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 36 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 51 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms prefixed with sur-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 46 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Onomastics",
"orig": "enm:Onomastics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"surname, family name"
],
"id": "en-surnoun-enm-noun-tOEpyRDJ",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname#English"
],
[
"family name",
"family name"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 36 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alias, appellation"
],
"id": "en-surnoun-enm-noun-T~BpQkv6",
"links": [
[
"alias",
"alias"
],
[
"appellation",
"appellation"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/surˈnuːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsurnun/"
}
],
"word": "surnoun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Late Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms prefixed with sur-",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Onomastics"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "surnoun"
},
"expansion": "Old French surnoun",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la-lat",
"3": "supernōmen, suprānōmen"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin supernōmen, suprānōmen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sur-",
"3": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sur- + noun",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French surnoun, from Late Latin supernōmen, suprānōmen; equivalent to sur- + noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sornoun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sournoun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sewrnown",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surnon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surnonn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surnome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "surenome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sirnome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "surnoun",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"epithet, nickname"
],
"links": [
[
"epithet",
"epithet"
],
[
"nickname",
"nickname"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"surname, family name"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname#English"
],
[
"family name",
"family name"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"alias, appellation"
],
"links": [
[
"alias",
"alias"
],
[
"appellation",
"appellation"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/surˈnuːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsurnun/"
}
],
"word": "surnoun"
}
Download raw JSONL data for surnoun meaning in Middle English (1.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.